CMs inhibited microbial debromination ratios of BDE-47 in sediments by 92.8–98.2%.
The inhibitory effect of CMs on BDE-47 debromination increased with the CM content.
CNTs decreased debromination of BDE-47 more remarkably than BC.
Declined BDE-47 desorption from CMs explained reduction in BDE-47 bioavailability.
The role of CMs in reducing BDE-47 bioavailability depended on their properties.