Tailoring nickel coatings via electrodeposition from a eutectic-based ionic liquid doped with nicotinic acid

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• 作者：Haiyan Yang^a ; ^b ; ^c ; Xingwu Guo^a ; ^b ; ^{xingwuguo@sjtu.edu.cn"" rel=""nofollow} ; Nick Birbilis^c ; Guohua Wu^a ; ^b ; Wenjiang Ding^a ; ^b
• 关键词：Electrodeposition ; Ionic liquid ; Nickel coating ; Brightener ; Nanocrystalline ; Nucleation/growth
• 刊名：Applied Surface Science
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：15 August 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：257
• 期：21
• 页码：9094-9102
• 全文大小：1615 K

文摘

Pure nickel (Ni) was electrodeposited onto a copper (Cu) substrate from choline chloride–urea (1:2 molar ratio) eutectic-based ionic liquid (1:2 ChCl–urea IL) with 0–1200 mg/L additions of nicotinic acid (NA). The effect of NA on the voltammetric behavior of Ni (II) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, whilst the nucleation/growth of Ni deposits was studied by chronoamperometry. The resultant surface morphologies and microstructures of the Ni coatings were revealed by SEM/EDXS, XRD and TEM, demonstrating that NA can inhibit, hence tailor, the Ni deposition and serve as a very effective brightener producing highly uniform and smooth Ni deposits. The nucleation/growth process of Ni was not affected by the presence of NA, proceeding via three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation. NA has a profound grain refining effect with a grain size of 4.2 nm achievable.