In situ measurement of As and Hg by DGT was applied on a large scale.
Zr-O DGT for As and 3-mercaptopropyl functionalized silica gel DGT for Hg were used.
DGT-labile As/Hg in sediment profiles exhibited considerable variation at mm scale.
Sediment acted as a sink and source of As and Hg to the lake.
DGT technique is an effective and robust tool that could be widely applied.