Waveguides induced by steady-state gray solitons in biased photorefractive–photovoltaic crystals

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• 作者：Keqing Lu ; Wei Zhao ; Yanlong Yang ; Meizhi Zhang ; Yang Yang ; Lei Zhang ; Xueming Liu ; Yongzhuang Chen ; Yanpeng Zhang ; Jingjun Xu
• 关键词：Soliton ; Waveguide ; Photorefractive effect ; Non-linear optics
• 刊名：Optics Communications
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：1 January 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：281
• 期：1
• 页码：49-54
• 全文大小：275 K

文摘

We carry out a theoretical investigation of the properties of waveguides induced by photorefractive one-dimensional steady-state gray spatial solitons (i.e., screening solitons, photovoltaic solitons, and screening-photovoltaic solitons). We demonstrate that waveguides induced by photorefractive steady-state gray spatial solitons are only a single guided mode for both all soliton graynesses and all values of ρ, where ρ is the ratio between the soliton peak intensity and the dark irradiance, and moreover, waveguides induced by gray photovoltaic solitons for closed-circuit condition are also only a single guided mode for all electric current densities. We find that the confined energy near the center of a photorefractive steady-state gray spatial soliton increases with ρ and decreases with an increase in the soliton grayness. We also find that the confined energy near the center of a gray photovoltaic soliton for closed-circuit condition increases with the electric current density. On the other hand, waveguides induced by gray screening-photovoltaic solitons are gray screening soliton-induced waveguides when the bulk photovoltaic effect is neglectable and are gray photovoltaic soliton-induced waveguides when the external bias field is absent.