Regulatory B10 cells were functionally impaired in RA patients . Under RA circumstance, regulatory B10 cells demonstrated the potential of converting into RANKL-producing cells . RANKL-producing B10 cells expanded dramatically in RA patients and were positively correlated with the disease activities . RANKL-producing B10 cells from RA patients significantly promoted osteoclast differentiation and bone erosion . RANKL-producing B10 cells declined while regulatory B10 cells increased in RA patients with remission after therapy .