Recent advances in synthesis and surface modification of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles for biomedical applications

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• 作者：Min Lin ; Ying Zhao ; ShuQi Wang ; Ming Liu ; ZhenFeng Duan ; YongMei Chen ; Fei Li ; Feng Xu ; TianJian Lu
• 关键词：Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles ; Synthesis ; Surface modification ; Biomedical applications
• 刊名：Biotechnology Advances
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：November-December, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：30
• 期：6
• 页码：1551-1561
• 全文大小：756 K

文摘

Lanthanide (Ln)-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with appropriate surface modification can be used for a wide range of biomedical applications such as bio-detection, cancer therapy, bio-labeling, fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery. The upconversion phenomenon exhibited by Ln-doped UCNPs renders them tremendous advantages in biological applications over other types of fluorescent materials (e.g., organic dyes, fluorescent proteins, gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, and luminescent transition metal complexes) for: (i) enhanced tissue penetration depths achieved by near-infrared (NIR) excitation; (ii) improved stability against photobleaching, photoblinking and photochemical degradation; (iii) non-photodamaging to DNA/RNA due to lower excitation light energy; (iv) lower cytotoxicity; and (v) higher detection sensitivity. Ln-doped UCNPs are therefore attracting increasing attentions in recent years. In this review, we present recent advances in the synthesis of Ln-doped UCNPs and their surface modification, as well as their emerging applications in biomedicine. The future prospects of Ln-doped UCNPs for biomedical applications are also discussed.