Activated AMPK boosts the Nrf2/HO鈥? signaling axis in xanthohumol鈥恡reated cells.
Xanthohumol leads to AMPK activation in an LKB1鈥恉ependent manner.
The AMPK boost hits on a step prior to or at transcription of HO鈥? mRNA.
Inhibition of GSK3尾 or mTOR is not involved in the observed AMPK boost.
Higher ER stress accounts for the lower Nrf2/HO1 response in AMPK鈥恉eficient cells.