Microwave-assisted technique, zirconia (ZrO2) nanocrystalline powder was synthesized. Structure directing agent which could be controlled by the nucleation and particle growth. X-ray Electron microscopics methods and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) used for ZrO2. The average particle size of ZrO2 was found 15 nm by TEM. Specific surface area of ZrO2 by BET and absorption peaks observed at 215 & 217 nm.