The study includes 20 cases of aortic dissection with hemorrhagic infiltration of the aortopulmonary adventitia. These are 17 cases with computed tomography (CT) data obtained from 5 academic centers. Three other cases were retrieved through a search of autopsy reports. Clinical, radiological and pathological data were collected.
Linear foci of moderately increased attenuation were seen along the wall of the proximal pulmonary arteries in 4 cases on unenhanced CT. Contrast-enhanced CT showed soft-tissue thickening along these walls in all imaging cases, with some degree of narrowing of the lumen of the pulmonary arteries. Peribronchovascular ground-glass opacities or consolidation were present in 4 cases.
Hemorrhagic infiltration of the common aortopulmonary adventitia is an infrequent complication of acute type A aortic dissection. The radiologist should be aware of its pathophysiology and imaging findings in order to make a prompt diagnosis in an urgent setting.