文摘
Waves from Super Typhoon Haiyan transported clifftop boulders with volumes up to ~ 83 m3 in Calicoan Island, Philippines. Non-rectangular boulder cross-sections reduce predicted initiation of motion velocities, particularly in overturning. Initiation of velocity estimates for lifting motion are much larger than those found for other modes of transport. The mass-elevation ranges of storm-transported boulders overlie much of the tsunami transport range. Upper size and elevation ranges for tsunami transport exceed those from storms.