Usefulness of 2 Questions About Age and Year of Birth in the Case-Finding of?Dementia

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• 作者：Tirso Ventura ; Concepci¨®n De-la-C¨¢mara ; Ra¨²l Lopez-Anton ; Javier Santab¨¢rbara ; Guillermo Marcos ; Miguel Angel Quintanilla ; Antonio Campayo ; Elena Lobo ; Juan Francisco Roy ; Pedro Saz ; Beatriz Olaya ; Josep Mar¨ªa Haro ; Leocadio Rodr¨ªguez-Ma?as ; Norman Sartorius ; Antonio Lobo
• 关键词：Longitudinal community study ; dementia ; ultra-short test ; aging ; diagnostic tests ; geriatric psychiatry ; screening ; case-finding
• 刊名：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：August, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：14
• 期：8
• 页码：627.e7-627.e12
• 全文大小：288 K

文摘

Objective

To test the hypothesis that the efficacy of 2 simple questions commonly used in clinical practice, asking the age and year of birth of individuals, will be satisfactory to rule out cases of dementia.

Design

Population-based, longitudinal, prospective study focused on the incidence of dementia. In the baseline, a 2-phase procedure for identifying cases and noncases of dementia was implemented.

Setting

Zaragoza, Spain.

Participants

Individuals 65 years or older without previous diagnoses of dementia (n?= 3613) drawn from the population-based random sample of the ZARADEMP project.

Measurements

Standardized instruments were used, including the Geriatric Mental State (GMS) and the History and Aetiological Schedule (HAS); cases were diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria (¡°reference standard¡±). The simple cognitive test used in this study consists of the following 2 compulsory questions: ¡°How old are you?¡± and ¡°What year were you born?¡±

Results

The test was well accepted by the participants and took less than 30 seconds to complete. Compared with the ¡°reference standard,¡± validity coefficients for incorrect answers in both questions were as follows:?sensitivity 61.2 % , specificity 97.8 % , positive predictive value 44.4 % , negative predictive value 98.9 % .

Conclusions

This ultra-short test has very good specificity and negative predictive power. Its use to rule out cases of dementia might be generalized, as it has the best efficiency reported to date.