Profiling of 19-norandrosterone sulfate and glucuronide in human urine: Implications in athlete's drug testing
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- 作者：Emmanuel Strahm ; Norbert Baume ; Patrice Mangin ; Martial Saugy ; Christiane Ayotte ; Christophe Saudan
- 关键词：Nandrolone ; Sulfoconjugates ; Urinary marker ; Endogenous ; Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) ; Doping control
- 刊名：Steroids
- 出版年：2009
- 出版时间：March 2009
- 年：2009
- 卷：74
- 期：3
- 页码：359-364
- 全文大小：545 K
文摘
19-Norandrosterone (19-NA) as its glucuronide derivative is the target metabolite in anti-doping testing to reveal an abuse of nandrolone or nandrolone prohormone. To provide further evidence of a doping with these steroids, the sulfoconjugate form of 19-norandrosterone in human urine might be monitored as well. In the present study, the profiling of sulfate and glucuronide derivatives of 19-norandrosterone together with 19-noretiocholanolone (19-NE) were assessed in the spot urines of 8 male subjects, collected after administration of 19-nor-4-androstenedione (100 mg). An LC/MS/MS assay was employed for the direct quantification of sulfoconjugates, whereas a standard GC/MS method was applied for the assessment of glucuroconjugates in urine specimens. Although the 19-NA glucuronide derivative was always the most prominent at the excretion peak, inter-individual variability of the excretion patterns was observed for both conjugate forms of 19-NA and 19-NE. The ratio between the glucuro- and sulfoconjugate derivatives of 19-NA and 19-NE could not discriminate the endogenous versus the exogenous origin of the parent compound. However, after ingestion of 100 mg 19-nor-4-androstenedione, it was observed in the urine specimens that the sulfate conjugates of 19-NA was detectable over a longer period of time with respect to the other metabolites. These findings indicate that more interest shall be given to this type of conjugation to deter a potential doping with norsteroids.