Opuntia dillenii cladode: Opuntiol and opuntioside attenuated cytokines and eicosanoids mediated inflammation

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Faheema Siddiqui^a ; ^{faheemasiddiqi@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Sabira Naqvi^a ; ^{naqvi_sabira@yahoo.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Lubna Abidi^a ; ^b ; ^{sci423@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Shaheen Faizi^a ; ^{shaheenfaizi@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Lubna^a ; ^{lubnazaheer_789@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Lubna Avesi^c ; ^{lubna.avesi@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Talat Mirza^c ; ^{talat.mirza@duhs.edu.pk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Ahsana Dar Farooq^a ; ^{ahsanadar@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：AA ; Arachidonic acid ; ANOVA ; Analysis of variance ; COX ; Cyclooxygenase ; DCFH-DA ; 2&prime ; 7&prime ; -Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate ; g ; Gram ; HPLC ; High performance liquid chromatography ; IL-1 and -6 ; Interleukin -1 and -6 ; LOX ; Lipoxygenase ; LTB4 ; Leukotriene B4 ; mL ; Milliliter ; NDGA ; Nordihydroguaiaretic acid ; NMRI ; Naval Medical Research Institute ; ns ; Non-significant ; NSAIDS ; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ; O. dillenii ; Opuntia dillenii ; PGB2 ; Prostaglandin B2 ; PGE2 ; Prostaglandi
• 刊名：Journal of Ethnopharmacology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：22 April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：182
• 期：Complete
• 页码：221-234
• 全文大小：3020 K

文摘

Opuntia dillenii Haw (Nagphana) traditionally used against inflammation. The present study addressed the anti-inflammatory activity of O. dillenii derived methanol extract, fractions and pure compounds and their underlying mechanism of action.

Materials and methods

O. dillenii cladode methanol extract was subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) furnishing two main fractions viz (T-1 and -2) leading to isolation of opuntiol (aglycone) and opuntioside (O-glucoside), respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity of extract, fractions, pure compounds and reference drugs were evaluated using: (1) arachidonic acid (AA) and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema accompanied by histological studies of mice ear sections and phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂)-induced mice paw edema. (2) Carrageenan and glycogen-induced peritonitis in rodents. In parallel levels of leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also determined via HPLC and fluoroemetrically using 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) dye, respectively. Additionally, levels of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukins IL-1β and -6 were measured by ELISA assay.

Results

O. dillenii methanol extract, fractions and pure compounds reduced AA and TPA-induced ear punch weight in a dose dependent fashion. The corresponding IC₅₀ values obtained also suppressed inflammatory features observed histologically. Furthermore, paw edema and peritonitis were also attenuated. Similar to indomethacin and diclofenac sodium, opuntioside reduced PGE₂ levels of inflamed ear which was comparatively 1.3× better than opuntiol. However, opuntiol was more potent in reducing LTB₄ levels in rat neutrophils with an IC₅₀ value of 19±3.3 μΜ, while opuntioside was ineffective. Opuntiol also effectively suppressed ROS (37%) and cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β and -6) by ~50% and comparable to dexamethasone.

Conclusions

O. dillenii cladodes possess anti-inflammatory properties via inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolites and cytokines. Opuntiol (aglycone) emerged as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipooxygenase (LOX) pathways. It also suppressed ROS and cytokine levels. However, opuntioside manifested its selectivity towards COX (PGE₂) pathway without affecting LTB₄ levels. The present report describing the anti-inflammatory activity of opuntiol and opuntioside for the first time thereby, supporting and justifying the traditional use of O. dillenii against inflammation and may serve as lead compound in designing of new anti-inflammatory agents.