Effects of high vs. low cadence training on cyclists‿brain cortical activity during exercise

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• 作者：Sebastian Ludyga^a ; ^b ; ^{sebastian.ludyga@unibas.ch" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; ^{sebastian.ludyga@ilug.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Thomas Gronwald^b ; ^c ; ^{thomas.gronwald@sport.uni-halle.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Kuno Hottenrott^b ; ^c ; ^{kuno.hottenrott@sport.uni-halle.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：CON ; Control group ; EEG ; Electroencephalography ; electroencephalogram ; EMG ; Electromyography ; f ; Female ; fMRI ; Functional magnetic resonance imaging ; HCT ; High cadence training group ; LCT ; Low cadence training group ; m ; Male ; NIRS ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; PET ; Positron emission tomography ; PIANS ; Power at the individual anaerobic threshold ; rpm ; Revolutions per minute ; VO2MAX ; Maximal oxygen consumption
• 刊名：Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：19
• 期：4
• 页码：342-347
• 全文大小：709 K

文摘

As brain cortical activity depends on cadence, exercise at different pedaling frequencies could provide efficient stimuli for functional adaptations of the brain. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of cadence-specific training on brain cortical activity as well as endurance performance.

class="boldFont">Design

Randomized, controlled experimental trial in a repeated measure design.

class="boldFont">Methods

Male (n = 24) and female (n = 12) cyclists were randomly assigned to either a high cadence group (HCT), a low cadence group (LCT) or a control group (CON) for a 4 week intervention period. All groups performed 4 h of basic endurance training per week. Additionally, HCT and LCT completed four cadence-specific 60 min sessions weekly. At baseline and after 4 weeks subjects performed an incremental test with spirometry as well as an interval session (constant load; varying cadences) with continuous recording of electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms.

class="boldFont">Results

In contrast to CON, HCT and LCT elicited similar improvements of maximal oxygen uptake and power at the individual anaerobic threshold. Additionally, there was a reduction of alpha-, beta- and overall-power spectral density in HCT, which was more pronounced at high cadences. Improvements of endurance performance were correlated with reductions of EEG spectral power at 90 and 120 rpm.

class="boldFont">Conclusions

Whereas high and low cadence training elicit similar improvements in endurance performance, brain cortical activity is especially sensitive to high cadence training. Its reduction can be interpreted in the sense of the neural efficiency hypothesis and might as well influence the sensation of central fatigue positively.