Magnesium ions have anti-oxidant, anti-necrotic, and anti-apoptotic effects.
Mg ++ ions stabilize mitochondrial membranes via their action at: MtHK, MtCK, and PTP.
Mg ++ ions also enhance cell survival via promoting Akt protein kinase activation.
Magnesium/Calcium Hypothesis: Ca & Mg have antagonistic effects at MtHK, MtCK, & PTP.
Proposal: Trial of Mg supplementation for cytopathies with elevated [Ca ++/Mg ++]i