Chemical photoallergy: photobiochemical mechanisms, classification, and risk assessments

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• 作者：Satomi Onoue^a ; ^{onoue@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp}Author Vitae ; Yoshiki Seto^a ; Hideyuki Sato^a ; Hayato Nishida^b ; Morihiko Hirota^b ; Takao Ashikaga^b ; Anne Marie Api^c ; David Basketter^d ; Yoshiki Tokura^e
• 关键词：3T3 NRU PT ; 3T3 neutral red uptake phototoxicity testing ; AOP ; adverse outcome pathway ; DEREK ; deductive estimation of risk from existing knowledge ; HOMO-LUMO gap ; energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital ; ICH ; International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for human use ; IFRA ; International Fragrance Association ; LLNA ; local lymph node assay ; MEC ; molar extinction coefficient ; mROS assay ; micella
• 刊名：Journal of Dermatological Science
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：85
• 期：1
• 页码：4-11
• 全文大小：956 K
• 卷排序：85

文摘

Chemical photosensitivity can be elicited by exposure of the skin to various pharmaceutical substances, foods, cosmetics and other environmental chemicals, followed by exposure to sunlight. There are at least three types of chemical photosensitivity, i.e., photoirritancy (narrowly defined as phototoxicity), photogenotoxicity and photoallergenicity, and their clinical characteristics and mechanisms are quite different. Concerns about chemical photoallergy is increasing, and various studies have been made to clarify the photobiochemical characteristics of photoallergens and the mechanisms involved. Various methodologies, including in silico prediction models, photochemical assay systems, and in vitro phototoxicity prediction tools, have been developed to predict the photoallergenic potential of chemicals over the past few years. The aim of this manuscript is to review the clinical characteristics, pathogenetic mechanisms and photobiochemical features of photoallergens, with special emphasis on the current status about development of screening systems for predicting photoallergenic potential of chemicals.