We selected patients treated with endoscopic injection for moderate to high VUR, renal scaring or repeated infections under antibiotic prophylaxis. Success was defined by absence of VUR at control 3 months after surgery; at 3 months we also measured mound height ultrasonographically.
We considered a total of 32 children (15 male, 17 female; 53 ureters) with a median age of 3 years (± 24 months). Overall success rate was 77% per ureter. Success rate correlates directly with age and inversely with VUR grade. Mound height is the major predictive parameter for reflux resolution (sensitivity 100%, specificity 65.9%); mean mound heights of success-group vs. persistence-of-reflux group were 9.97 ± 1.61 mm and 7.29 ± 1.74 mm respectively (p < 0.0005).
A mound measuring at least 9.8 mm at post-operative US scan is a predictor of reflux resolution. Age and grade also seems to influence success rate.