Pneumonia prevention: Cost-effectiveness analyses of two vaccines among refugee children aged under two years, Haemophilus influenzae type b-containing and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, during a humanitarian emergency, Yida camp, South Sudan

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• 作者：Lisa M. Gargano^a ; Rana Hajjeh^b ; Susan T. Cookson^a ; ^sgc0@cdc.gov
• 关键词：South Sudan ; Humanitarian emergency ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; PCV ; Haemophilus influenzae type b ; Hib vaccine ; Cost-effectiveness ; Supplemental immunization activity ; Routine immunization
• 刊名：Vaccine
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：11 January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：35
• 期：3
• 页码：435-442
• 全文大小：1074 K
• 卷排序：35

文摘

By September 2013, war between Sudan and South Sudan resulted in >70,000 Sudanese refugees and high pneumonia incidence among the 20,000 refugees in Yida camp, South Sudan. Using Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)-provided data and modifying our decision-tree models, we estimated if administering Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)-containing (pentavalent vaccine, also with diphtheria pertussis and tetanus [DPT] and hepatitis B) and pneumococcal conjugate (PCV) vaccines were cost-effective against hospitalized pneumonia. Among children <2 years old, compared with no vaccination, one- and two-doses of combined Hib-containing and PCV would avert an estimated 118 and 125 pneumonia cases, and 8.5 and 9.1 deaths, respectively. The cost per Disability-Adjusted-Life-Year averted for administering combined one- and two-doses was US$125 and US$209, respectively. MSF demonstrated that it was possible to administer these vaccines during an emergency and our analysis found it was highly cost-effective, even with just one-dose of either vaccine. Despite unknown etiology, there is strong field and now economic rationale for administering Hib and PCV during at least one humanitarian emergency.