- 作者：Samuel J. Oliver ; PhD<sup> ; sup><sup>s.j.oliver@bangor.ac.uk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding authorsup> ; Jennifer L. Brierley ; PhD ; Philippa C. Raymond-Barker ; MSc ; Alberto Dolci ; MSc ; Neil P. Walsh ; PhD
- 关键词：rewarming ; hypothermia ; thermogenesis ; multiple trauma ; frostbite ; wilderness medicine
- 刊名：Wilderness & Environmental Medicine
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：March 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：27
- 期：1
- 页码：125-130
- 全文大小：622 K
sSec_2">Methods
sp0030">Portable cold casualty treatment methods were compared by examining core and skin temperature, metabolic heat production, and thermal comfort during a 3-hour, 0°C cold air exposure in 7 shivering, near-hypothermic men (35.4°C). The hot drink (70°C, ~400ml, ~28kJ) was consumed at 0, 1, and 2 hours during the cold air exposure.
sSec_3">Results
sp0035">During the cold air exposure, core rewarming and thermal comfort were similar on all trials (P = .45 and P = .36, respectively). However, skin temperature was higher (10%–13%; P < .001; large effect sizes d > 2.7) and metabolic heat production lower (15%–39%; P < .05; large effect sizes d > .9) on MPS and MPS+HP than P and P+HD. The addition of heat pads further lowered metabolic heat production by 15% (MPS+HP vs MPS; P = .05; large effect size d = .9). The addition of the hot drink to polyethylene survival bag did not increase skin temperature or lower metabolic heat production.
sSec_4">Conclusions
sp0040">Near-hypothermic cold casualties are rewarmed with less peripheral cold stress and shivering thermogenesis using a multi-layered MPS survival bag compared with a polyethylene survival bag. Prehospital rewarming is further aided by large chemical heat pads but not by hot drinks.