Comparison of muscle and joint pressure-pain thresholds in patients with complex regional pain syndrome and upper limb pain of other origin

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• 作者：Tina Mainka ; Florian S. Bischoff ; Ralf Baron ; Elena K. Krumova ; Volkmar Nicolas ; Werner Pennekamp ; Rolf-Detlef Treede ; Jan Vollert ; Andrea Westermann ; Christoph Maier
• 关键词：Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) ; Inflammation ; Pressure-pain threshold ; Quantitative sensory testing ; Three-phase bone scintigraphy
• 刊名：Pain
• 出版年：March, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：155
• 期：3
• 页码：591-597
• 全文大小：732 K

文摘

Pain localized in the deep tissues occurs frequently in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). In addition, hyperalgesia to blunt pressure over muscles is common in CRPS, but it often appears in limb pain of other origin as well. Considering that 3-phase bone scintigraphy (TPBS) reveals periarticular enhanced bone metabolism in CRPS, joint-associated hyperalgesia to blunt pressure might be a more specific finding than hyperalgesia over muscles. In 34 patients with upper limb pain (18 CRPS, 16 non-CRPS; diagnosed in accordance to the Budapest criteria) and in 18 healthy controls, pressure-pain thresholds (PPT) were assessed bilaterally over the thenar (PPT_Thenar), the metacarpophalangeal (PPT_MCP), and the proximal interphalangeal (PPT_PIP) joints using a pressure algometer (Somedic, Sweden). Beforehand, all patients had received TPBS for diagnostic purposes independently of the study. Region-of-interest (ROI) ratios (mineralization phase) for the MCP and PIP, excluding fracture sites, were correlated with the PPT. In CRPS, all ROI ratios were significantly increased and all PPT of the affected hand were decreased compared to non-CRPS (PPT_Thenar: 243 卤 150 kPa vs 358 卤 197 kPa, PPT_MCP: 80 卤 67 kPa vs 159 卤 93 kPa, PPT_PIP: 80 卤 56 kPa vs 184 卤 110 kPa; P < .01) and controls (PPT_Thenar: 478 卤 106 kPa, PPT_MCP: 254 卤 50 kPa, PPT_PIP: 275 卤 76 kPa; P < .01). A PPT_Thenar below 293 kPa revealed 77% sensitivity but only 63% specificity, whereas a PPT_PIP below 102 kPa had 82% sensitivity and 94% specificity to identify CRPS. Only in CRPS were PPT_MCP and PPT_PIP correlated significantly inversely with the ROI ratio (MCP: r = 鈭?.439, PIP: r = 鈭?.447). PPT_PIP shows higher specificity for CRPS type I than PPT_Thenar without loss of sensitivity. Therefore, measurement of joint PPT could be a noninvasive diagnostic tool reflecting increased bone metabolism assessed by TPBS as a sign of bone pathophysiology.