Determination of phthalate esters in distillates by ultrasound-vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (USVADLLME) coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are toxic ubiquitous process contaminants. China imposed concentration limits on PAEs for imported distillates. A liquid-liquid micro-extraction method for determination in distillates was set up. A complete historical series (27 years) of brandies for the first time was analysed. In the longest aged samples, concentrations exceeded the limits of the Chinese law.