文摘
1.Early facemask treatment produces skeletal and dental changes in the short term.2.Evidence on long-term benefits of early Class III treatment is lacking.3.Chincup, tandem traction, and removable retractors showed skeletal changes.4.Results should be interpreted with caution due to risk of bias in studies.5.Long-term studies of early orthopaedic treatment for Class III patients are needed.