We present the case of a 32-year-old woman who presented to the emergency service complaining of abdominal distension 2 months after laparoscopically-assisted right oophorectomy for pelvic endometriosis. Ultrasound examination revealed abundant ascitic fluid. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy suggested the fluid to be urine. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a retroperitoneal fistula with contrast leak and secondary massive ascites.
Ureteroperitoneal fistula with secondary ascites is a rare complication in gynecological laparoscopic practice but can cause serious morbidity. Management depends on the timing of diagnosis, etiology, the length and location of the injury, and the patient's clinical status.