Models for open innovation in the pharmaceutical industry
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- 作者：Alex ; er Schuhmacher ; Paul-Georg Germann ; Henning Trill ; Oliver Gassmann
- 刊名：Drug Discovery Today
- 出版年：December, 2013
- 年：2013
- 卷：18
- 期：23-24
- 页码：1133-1137
- 全文大小：297 K
文摘
The nature of the pharmaceutical industry is such that the main driver for its growth is innovation. In view of the vast challenges that the industry has been facing for several years and, in particular, how to manage stagnating research and development (R&D) productivity, pharmaceutical companies have opened their R&D organizations to external innovation. Here, we identify and characterize four new types of open innovator, which we call 鈥榢nowledge creator鈥? 鈥榢nowledge integrator鈥? 鈥榢nowledge translator鈥?and 鈥榢nowledge leverager鈥? and which describe current open R&D models.