Nutrients are important cues that shape immune responses. Glucose and glutamine impact upon AMPK activation and O-GlcNAcylation with important implications for T cell responses. MTORC1 and GCN2 are important amino acid sensitive signalling pathways with widespread immunoregulatory roles. Short and long chain fatty acids exert anti-inflammatory actions through multiple signalling pathways. Cholesterol and Oxysterols control metabolism and immune function through the Srebp transcription factors.