Role of Adipose Tissue in Determining Muscle Mass in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

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• 作者：Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa ; MD ; PhD^?/sup> ; ^&dagger ; ; ^{cvsceppa@comcast.net} ; Mark J. Sarnak ; MD ; MS^&dagger ; ; Xuelei Wang ; MS^&Dagger ; ; Tom Greene ; PhD^§ ; ; Magdalena Madero ; MD^&dagger ; ; John W. Kusek ; PhD^¶ ; ; Gerald Beck ; PhD^&Dagger ; ; Joel D. Kopple ; MD^# ; ^?? ; ^&dagger ; &dagger ; ; Andrew S. Levey ; MD^&dagger ; ; Vandana Menon ; MD ; PhD^&dagger ;
• 刊名：Journal of Renal Nutrition
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：September 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：17
• 期：5
• 页码：314-322
• 全文大小：144 K

文摘

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Objective

Malnutrition is a powerful predictor of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its etiology is unclear. We hypothesized that the adipocyte-derived proteins leptin and adiponectin, inflammation (as measured by C-reactive protein, CRP), and insulin resistance (as measured by homeostasis model assessment, HOMA), implicated in the malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome commonly seen in maintenance dialysis patients, would be associated with the loss of muscle mass in earlier stages of CKD. Arm muscle area was used as an indicator of muscle mass.

Patients and Setting

The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study cohort of people with CKD stages 3 and 4 was used for analysis (N = 780).

Main Outcome Measures

Regression models were carried out to examine the relationships of leptin, adiponectin, CRP, and HOMA with arm muscle area (the main study outcome).

Results

Arm muscle area was 39 ¡À 15 cm² (mean ¡À SD), and adiponectin levels were 13 ¡À 7 ¦Ìg/mL. Median and interquartile range (IQR) concentrations were: 9.0 (13.6) ng/mL for leptin, 2.3 (4.9) mg/L for CRP, and 2.4 (2.0) for HOMA. Higher leptin (beta coefficient and 95 % confidence interval, ?.9 [?.7 to ?.1], P < .001) and higher CRP (beta coefficient and 95 % confidence interval, ?.7 [?.9 to ?.4], P < .001) were associated with lower arm muscle area. There was a trend toward lower arm muscle area with higher adiponectin (P = .07), but no association with HOMA (P = .80).

Conclusion

Leptin and CRP were associated with lower muscle mass in subjects with CKD at stages 3 and 4. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these associations, and to develop targeted interventions for this patient population.