Person-to-person transmission is the most important means of transmission.

Malaria remains by far the most important cause of death.

Surveillance strategies based on epidemiological data (country visited, duration of travel, and time elapsed since return) and clinical syndromes associated with a systematic search policy are usually mandatory to limit the risk of an outbreak.

Hospitalization in a single-bed room and isolation according to symptoms should be the rule while awaiting laboratory test results.