Hydrotreatment of solvolytically liquefied lignocellulosic biomass over NiMo/Al₂O₃ catalyst: Reaction mechanism, hydrodeoxygenation kinetics and mass transfer model based on FTIR

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• 作者：M. Grilc^a ; B. Likozar^a ; ^b ; ^{blaz.likozar@ki.si" class="auth_mail} ; J. Levec^a ; ^b
• 关键词：Wood liquefaction ; Catalytic upgrade ; Biofuel ; Bio-oil ; Characterisation ; Lumped model
• 刊名：Biomass and Bioenergy
• 出版年：April, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：63
• 期：Complete
• 页码：300-312
• 全文大小：2580 K

文摘

Raw residual wood biomass, containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, was liquefied at low temperature by ultrasound-assisted solvolysis and acidolysis by glycerol, diethylene glycol and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Liquefied biomass was consequently upgraded by hydrotreatment utilizing heterogeneous catalysis over NiMo/Al₂O₃ bifunctional catalyst. Effects of temperature (200鈭?50聽掳C), heating rate (2.5-10.0聽K聽min^鈭?), hydrogen/nitrogen pressure (2鈭?聽MPa), mixing (250鈭?000聽min^鈭?), hydrogen donor solvent (tetralin) and catalyst contents on deoxygenation were established. Reactions of liquefaction products, such as levulinic acid, were quantified based on their functional groups by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, whereas catalyst was examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Chemical kinetics of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), decarbonylation and decarboxylation were determined by originally developed lumped model, based on reaction mechanisms and pathways, while the external mass transfer resistance proved to be negligible under the applied hydrodynamic conditions. The presence of hydrocracking reactions was confirmed by a decrease in product viscosity, and the upgrade for energetic or fuel applications by measurements of calorific value.