Rheological study of CO₂ hydrate slurry in a dynamic loop applied to secondary refrigeration

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• 作者：Anthony Delahaye ; Laurence Fournaison ; S ; rine Marinhas ; Maria Carmen Martd ; nez
• 关键词：Hydrate ; Slurries ; Rheology ; Multiphase flow ; Phase change ; Refrigeration
• 刊名：Chemical Engineering Science
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：July 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：63
• 期：13
• 页码：3551-3559
• 全文大小：740 K

文摘

An original rheological characterisation of decoration:none; color:black"" href=""/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6TFK-4S73RFW-1&_mathId=mml45&_user=1067359&_cdi=5229&_rdoc=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=9a567ffac9c4ff2f7d0f17061dd472ea"" title=""Click to view the MathML source"" alt=""Click to view the MathML source"">CO₂ hydrate slurries in flow is proposed in the present paper. Hydrate slurries are two-phase fluids composed of hydrate crystals in suspension in a liquid phase. One of the applications of decoration:none; color:black"" href=""/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6TFK-4S73RFW-1&_mathId=mml46&_user=1067359&_cdi=5229&_rdoc=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=11a5c1c0ed126a52ac074df84c2d5def"" title=""Click to view the MathML source"" alt=""Click to view the MathML source"">CO₂ hydrate slurries relates to secondary refrigeration, principally due to the high latent heat of melting of decoration:none; color:black"" href=""/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6TFK-4S73RFW-1&_mathId=mml47&_user=1067359&_cdi=5229&_rdoc=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=4beeb46085691cc8b22ef2be403c7ced"" title=""Click to view the MathML source"" alt=""Click to view the MathML source"">CO₂ hydrates used as phase change materials and the expected lower cost of gas hydrate production compared to scrapped and brushed surface exchangers (classically used in the field of refrigeration and air-conditioning). In order to be considered as suitable for refrigeration applications, decoration:none; color:black"" href=""/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6TFK-4S73RFW-1&_mathId=mml48&_user=1067359&_cdi=5229&_rdoc=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=c09b5aa5370b2147e97245247c3796aa"" title=""Click to view the MathML source"" alt=""Click to view the MathML source"">CO₂ hydrate slurries must, however, fulfil other criteria such as satisfying flowing conditions. An experimental loop was used in this work to produce decoration:none; color:black"" href=""/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6TFK-4S73RFW-1&_mathId=mml49&_user=1067359&_cdi=5229&_rdoc=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=48570599c3fb144572827e77129e9d87"" title=""Click to view the MathML source"" alt=""Click to view the MathML source"">CO₂ hydrate slurries by gaseous decoration:none; color:black"" href=""/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6TFK-4S73RFW-1&_mathId=mml50&_user=1067359&_cdi=5229&_rdoc=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=bb19547114aa67f7ccd259146489e4ab"" title=""Click to view the MathML source"" alt=""Click to view the MathML source"">CO₂ injection in pre-cooled water and to measure pressure drops as a function of volumetric flow rates for various fractions in solid particles. As most of multiphase solid–liquid fluids, decoration:none; color:black"" href=""/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6TFK-4S73RFW-1&_mathId=mml51&_user=1067359&_cdi=5229&_rdoc=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=f900d92ad0c6ba029a2ad63a114ace30"" title=""Click to view the MathML source"" alt=""Click to view the MathML source"">CO₂ hydrate slurry can be rheologically characterised by its pseudo-homogeneous apparent viscosity, strongly depending on the mass fraction, the type and the organisation of the solid particles in the liquid phase related to following parameters: nucleation, growth, shape, size distribution, agglomeration, etc. In order to improve the description of the rheological behaviour of the studied slurry, an empirical model based on the method of the capillary (Ostwald) viscosimeter was applied from our experimental data and provided a Herschel–Bulkley (HB) type equation integrating the solid fraction of the slurry. The results of the empirical HB model were compared to a classical pseudo-homogeneous pressure drop model.