Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal small subunit (MRPS) genes: A putative role in human disease

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• 作者：Gopal Gopisetty ; Rajkumar Thangarajan
• 关键词：B-ALL ; B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ; CRC ; Colorectal Cancer ; DS ; Down's syndrome ; ESCCs ; Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas ; IHC ; Immunohistochemistry ; MRP ; Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein ; MRPS ; Mitochondrial Ribosomal Small Subunit ; mtDNA ; Mitochondrial DNA ; NSCLC ; Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer ; T-ALL ; T cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ; TGCT ; Testicular Germ Cell Tumors
• 刊名：Gene
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：1 September 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：589
• 期：1
• 页码：27-35
• 全文大小：470 K

文摘

Mitochondria are prominently understood as power houses producing ATP the primary energy currency of the cell. However, mitochondria are also known to play an important role in apoptosis and autophagy, and mitochondrial dysregulation can lead to pathological outcomes. Mitochondria are known to contain 1500 proteins of which only 13 are coded by mitochondrial DNA and the rest are coded by nuclear genes. Protein synthesis in mitochondria involves mitochondrial ribosomes which are 55–60S particles and are composed of small 28S and large 39S subunits. A feature of mammalian mitoribosome which differentiate it from bacterial ribosomes is the increased protein content. The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) gene family comprises of 30 genes which code for mitochondrial ribosomal small subunit and 50 genes for the large subunit. The present review focuses on the mitochondrial ribosomal small subunit genes (MRPS), presents an overview of the literature and data gleaned from publicly available gene and protein expression databases. The survey revealed aberrations in MRPS gene expression patterns in varied human diseases indicating a putative role in their etiology.