A biomimetic approach to ameliorate dental hypersensitivity by amorphous polyphosphate microparticles

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• 作者：Werner E.G. Mü ; ller^a ; ^{wmueller@uni-mainz.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Meik Neufurth^a ; Emad Tolba^a ; Shunfeng Wang^a ; Werner Geurtsen^b ; Qingling Feng^c ; Heinz C. Schrö ; der^a ; Xiaohong Wang^a ; ^{wang013@uni-mainz.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Polyphosphate ; Microparticles ; Dental coating ; Dentinal tubules ; Dental hypersensitivity
• 刊名：Dental Materials
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：June 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：32
• 期：6
• 页码：775-783
• 全文大小：2875 K

文摘

Dental hypersensitivity has become one of the most common and most costly diseases in the world, even though those maladies are very rarely life threatening. Using amorphous microparticles, fabricated from the natural polymer (polyphosphate), we intend to reseal the dentinal tubules exposed and reduce by that the hypersensitivity.

Methods

Amorphous microparticles (termed aCa-polyP-MP) were prepared from Na-polyphosphate (polyP) and CaCl₂, then incubated with human teeth. The potential of the microparticles to plug the dentinal tubules was determined by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques.

Results

We demonstrate that, in contrast to polyP, the aCa-polyP-MP efficiently reseal dentinal tubules exposed at the tooth surface. Scanning electron microscopical (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) studies showed that the tooth cement and dentin surfaces, incubated with aCa-polyP-MP, form a nearly homogenous, approximately 50-μm thick solid polyP layer on the tooth cement and dentin surfaces, while no coating on the tooth surface, incubated with Na-polyP [Ca²⁺], was observed. Determination of the mechanical properties of the polyP coating revealed a Martens hardness of 3.85 ± 0.64 GPa and a reduced elastic modulus of 94.72 ± 8.54 GPa already after a 3 h exposure to the aCa-polyP-MP, which become close to those of the natural enamel (4.33 ± 0.69 GPa and 101.61 ± 8.52 GPa, respectively) after prolonged incubation periods. In addition, aCa-polyP-MP turned out to display morphogenetic activity. Incubation of precursor odontoblasts cultures in the presence of aCa-polyP-MP resulted in a 7-fold increase of the steady-state-expression level of the gene encoding for the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) during a 7 d incubation period.

Significance

Ca-polyP microparticles, consisting of the biocompatible natural polymer polyP, provide a potential sealing material for dentinal tubules on the tooth surface.