id="p0010">Effects of 1 and 2 mol % vanadium in Nb<img border="0" alt="single bond" data-inlimg="/entities/sbnd" src="/sd/grey_pxl.gif" class="glyphImg imgLazyJSB">
id="p0015">V decreases the sintering temperature and promotes a harder piezoelectric behaviour.
id="p0020">V increases the lattice tetragonality and grain size.
id="p0025">Partial reduction of V5+ to V4+ ions and the occurrence of defects are observed.
id="p0030">Li location was indirectly deduced from the experimental results.