We provided vouchers contingent on smoking abstinence or noncontingent ones for smokers in drug treatment. We also provided nicotine patch and brief advice to quit smoking to all the smokers. More smoking abstinence occurred during treatment with contingent vouchers than without. Smoking abstinence during treatment was twice as much as in a study of vouchers without patch. In the year after vouchers, vouchers reduced amount of smoking but did not increase quitting.