Ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the receiving environment of pharmaceutical wastewater in Pakistan

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• 作者：Muhammad Ashfaq^a ; ^b ; ^{ashfaqchemist@hotmail.com} ; ^{ashfaq@iue.ac.cn} ; Khujasta Nawaz Khan^a ; Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman^c ; Ghulam Mustafa^a ; Muhammad Faizan Nazar^a ; Qian Sun^b ; Javed Iqbal^c ; Sikandar.I. Mulla^b ; Chang-Ping Yu^b
• 关键词：Pharmaceutical compounds ; Formulation units ; HPLC-UV ; Liquid-liquid extraction ; Risk assessment
• 刊名：Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：136
• 期：Complete
• 页码：31-39
• 全文大小：906 K
• 卷排序：136

文摘

Pharmaceuticals were detected in wastewater, sludge, solid waste and soil. High concentration of pharmaceuticals was detected in wastewater (1.67 mg/L). High concentration of pharmaceuticals was detected in solids (7.27 mg/kg). Diclofenac, ibuprofen and ofloxacin pose the highest ecological risk.