Low molecular weight fractions of BiMuno? exert immunostimulatory properties in murine macrophages

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• 作者：Laura E.J. Searle ; Gareth Jones ; George Tzortzis ; Martin J. Woodward ; Robert A. Rastall ; Glenn R. Gibson ; Roberto M. La Ragione
• 关键词：GOS ; galactooligosaccharide ; AHVLA ; Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency ; DP ; degree of polymerisation
• 刊名：Journal of Functional Foods
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：October, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：4
• 期：4
• 页码：941-953
• 全文大小：817 K

文摘

Previous in vivo murine oral challenge studies have shown that the galactooligosaccharide containing product, BiMuno?, reduced colonisation of S. Typhimurium. To gain further insights into the mechanism of reduced colonisation, we wished to test the hypothesis that the low molecular weight fractions of BiMuno? or a specific low molecular weight fraction may have direct immuno-modulatory effects on murine macrophages. Cytokine responses of murine macrophages in response to the commercially available product, BiMuno?, a basal solution BiMuno? without GOS, purified low molecular weight fractions (referred to as GOS), and the individual fractions of GOS (DP2, 3 and ?4, with each fraction representing the increasing degree of complex polymerisation) were determined in vitro and ex vivo. These studies demonstrated that BiMuno?, significantly stimulated both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in vitro (P ? 0.0394). Furthermore, the data indicate that the low molecular weight fractions may be the primary stimulant of BiMuno? and specifically its tri (DP3) and ?tetra-saccharide (DP ? 4) fractions (P ? 0.0394).