Evaluation of an 18-year CMAQ simulation: Seasonal variations and long-term temporal changes in sulfate and nitrate

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• 作者：Kevin Civerolo ; Christian Hogrefe ; Eric Zalewsky ; Winston Hao ; Gopal Sistla ; Barry Lynn ; Cynthia Rosenzweig ; Patrick L. Kinney
• 关键词：CMAQ ; Model evaluation ; Atmospheric deposition ; Emissions
• 刊名：Atmospheric Environment
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：October 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：44
• 期：31
• 页码：3745-3752
• 全文大小：1209 K

文摘

This paper compares spatial and seasonal variations and temporal trends in modeled and measured concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in wet and dry deposition over an 18-year period (1988–2005) over a portion of the northeastern United States. Substantial emissions reduction programs occurred over this time period, including Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 which primarily resulted in large decreases in sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions by 1995, and nitrogen oxide (NO_x) trading programs which resulted in large decreases in warm season NO_x emissions by 2004. Additionally, NO_x emissions from mobile sources declined more gradually over this period. The results presented here illustrate the use of both operational and dynamic model evaluation and suggest that the modeling system largely captures the seasonal and long-term changes in sulfur compounds. The modeling system generally captures the long-term trends in nitrogen compounds, but does not reproduce the average seasonal variation or spatial patterns in nitrate.