Effect of maternal micronutrients (folic acid and vitamin B₁₂) and omega 3 fatty acids on indices of brain oxidative stress in the offspring

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• 作者：Suchitra Roy ; Pratiksha Sable ; Amrita Khaire ; Karuna R ; hir ; Anvita Kale ; Sadhana Joshi
• 关键词：SOD ; superoxide dismutase ; GpX ; glutathione peroxidase ; MDA ; malondialdehyde ; DHA ; docosahexaenoic acid
• 刊名：Brain and Development
• 出版年：March, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：36
• 期：3
• 页码：219-227
• 全文大小：1690 K

文摘

Introduction

Our earlier studies have shown that a maternal diet imbalanced with micronutrients like folic acid, vitamin B₁₂ has adverse effects on fatty acid metabolism, global methylation patterns and levels of brain neurotrophins in the offspring at birth. However, it is not clear if these effects are mediated through oxidative stress. The role of oxidative stress in influencing epigenetic mechanisms and thereby fetal programming is not well studied.

Methods and results

Pregnant female rats were divided into six treatment groups at two levels of folic acid both in the presence and absence of vitamin B₁₂. Omega 3 fatty acid supplementation was given to the vitamin B₁₂ deficient groups. Following delivery, 8 dams from each group were randomly shifted back to control and the remaining 8 continued on the same treatment diet. Our results indicate for the first time that an imbalance in maternal micronutrients reduces the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (p < 0.05 for both) at birth. At d21 of life, the levels of MDA and GPx (p < 0.05 for both) in pup brain from the micronutrient imbalanced group were higher as compared to control while omega 3 fatty acid supplementation normalizes the levels of GPx.

Conclusion

Our data shows that maternal micronutrient imbalance adversely affects antioxidant defense mechanisms while omega 3 fatty acid supplementation ameliorates some of the negative effects. Our study throws light on the role of oxidative stress in fetal brain programming and consequential risk for neurodegenerative disorders in later life.