A new northern hemisphere (NH) tree-ring (TR) summer temperature reconstruction.
The most replicated (54 data-sets) TR NH millennial reconstruction to date.
A product of the Northern Hemisphere Tree-Ring Network Development (N-TREND) consortium.
The N-TREND2015 reconstruction is robust at all time-scales from 918 to 2004.
Medieval temperature estimates are warmer than expressed by CMIP5 models.