Type III Secretion: Building and Operating a Remarkable Nanomachine

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• 作者：Athina G. Portaliou¹ ; ² ; ³ ; Konstantinos C. Tsolis¹ ; ² ; ³ ; Maria S. Loos¹ ; ² ; Valentina Zorzini¹ ; Anastassios Economou¹ ; ² ; ³ ; ^{tassos.economou@rega.kuleuven.be" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Type III secretion (T3S) ; Type III secretion system (T3SS) ; secretion regulation ; injectisome assembly ; energy requirements ; chaperones
• 刊名：Trends in Biochemical Sciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：41
• 期：2
• 页码：175-189
• 全文大小：3915 K

文摘

The Type III secretion system (T3SS) is a protein export pathway that is widespread in Gram-negative bacteria and delivers effector proteins directly into eukaryotic cells. At its core lie the injectisome (a sophisticated transmembrane secretion apparatus) and a complex network of specialized chaperones that target secretory proteins to the antechamber of the injectisome. The assembly of the system, and the subsequent secretion of proteins through it, undergo fine-tuned, hierarchical regulation. Here, we present the current understanding of the injectisome assembly process, secretion hierarchy, and the role of chaperones. We discuss these events in light of available structural and biochemical dissection and propose future directions essential to revealing mechanistic insight into this fascinating nanomachine.