文摘
| Figures/TablesFigures/Tables | ReferencesReferencesion=""1.0"" encoding=""UTF-8""?>
ass=""h3"">Summary
Direct electrical access to presynaptic ion channels has hitherto been limited to large specialized terminals such as the calyx of Held or hippocampal?mossy fiber bouton. The electrophysiology and ion-channel complement of far more abundant small synaptic terminals (¡Ü1?¦Ìm) remain poorly understood. Here we report a method based on superresolution scanning ion conductance imaging of small synapses in culture at approximately 100-150?nm 3D resolution, which allows presynaptic patch-clamp recordings in all four configurations (cell-attached, inside-out, outside-out, and whole-cell). Using this technique, we report presynaptic recordings of K+, Na+, Cl?, and Ca2+ channels. This semiautomated approach allows direct investigation of the distribution and properties of presynaptic ion channels at small central synapses.ass=""h4"">Video Abstract
<a class=""cLink"" queryStr="""" href=""#mmc2"">