GSTP1 G313G genotype (OR = 5.49; 95 % CI, 1.3–22.5, p = 0.02) and TYMS A227A genotype (OR = 3.41; 95 % CI, 1.3–8.9, p = 0.01) resulted significantly associated with a poor response following chemotherapy and the risk increased for the combined genotype (OR = 13.54; 95 % CI, 2.0–91.3, p = 0.01). TYMS T157T genotype was significantly associated with a poor response after ASCT (OR = 4.60; 95 % CI, 1.2–16.9, p = 0.02).
Pre-therapeutic individual determination of the GSTP1 and TYMS polymorphisms could help in choosing the most appropriate protocol.