The main contribution of our paper is the elucidation of distinct expression patterns of virulence markers in human epithelial cells infected with antibiotic resistant uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. We believe that this contribution is theoretically and practically relevant because our results provided novel insight into the associations between virulence-gene expression and antibiotic resistance genotypes in 194 UPEC strains.