Exosomes have great potential as diagnostic tools and biomarkers for diseases affecting the central nervous system.

Exosomal contents are altered in disease.

Exosomal membrane markers can be potentially used to identify their cellular origin.

Exosomes enriched from bodily fluids can be used for detection of various proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

Further studies are required to overcome technical issues to allow efficient routine screening of exosomes from patients.