Early life exposure of C. dimerus to 1 and 10 μg/L E2 had a marked feminizing effect.
Exposure to 0.1 μg/L E2 inhibited testis development.
Both control and OP (1-100 μg/L)-exposed fish exhibited testicular oocytes (TOs).
Normal spermatogenesis was observed in testes of OP-treated fish.
TOs may reflect a natural phenomenon rather than an effect of estrogenic exposure.