Development of a triple GEM UV-photon detector operated in pure <i>CF₄i> for the PHENIX experiment

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• 作者：Kozlov ; A. ; Ravinovich ; I. ; Shekhtman ; L. ; Fraenkel ; Z. ; Inuzuka ; M. ; Tserruya ; I.
• 关键词：29.40.<i>&minus ; i>n ; 29.40.Cs ; 29.40.Ka ; 25.75.<i>&minus ; i>q ; GEM ; CsI photocathode ; UV-photon detector ; <i>CF₄i> ; HBD
• 刊名：Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 出版年：2004
• 出版时间：May 11, 2004
• 年：2004
• 卷：523
• 期：3
• 页码：345-354
• 全文大小：290 K

文摘

Results obtained with a triple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector operated in pure <i>CF₄i> with and without a reflective CsI photocathode are presented. The detector operates in a stable mode at gains up to <i>10⁴i>. A deviation from exponential growth starts to develop when the total charge exceeds <i><img align=center border=0 SRC=/images/glyphs/BQ1.GIF>4&times;10⁶i> e leading to gain saturation when the total charge is <i><img align=center border=0 SRC=/images/glyphs/BQ1.GIF>2&times;10⁷i> e and making the structure relatively robust against discharges. No aging effects are observed in the GEM foils after a total accumulated charge of <i><img align=center border=0 SRC=/images/glyphs/BQ1.GIF>10mC/cm²i> at the anode. The ion back-flow current to the reflective photocathode is comparable to the electron current to the anode. However, no significant degradation of the CsI photocathode is observed for a total ion back-flow charge of <i><img align=center border=0 SRC=/images/glyphs/BQ1.GIF>7mC/cm²i>.