Cracking the O-GlcNAc code in metabolism

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• 作者：Hai-Bin Ruan¹ ; ² ; Jay Prakash Singh¹ ; ² ; Min-Dian Li¹ ; ² ; ³ ; Jing Wu¹ ; ² ; ⁴ ; Xiaoyong Yang¹ ; ² ; ³ ; ^{xiaoyong.yang@yale.edu}
• 关键词：O-GlcNAc ; hexosamine biosynthesis ; insulin resistance ; cancer metabolism ; circadian rhythm ; mitochondria
• 刊名：Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：June, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：24
• 期：6
• 页码：301-309
• 全文大小：1169 K

文摘

Nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins are extensively modified by O-linked ¦Â-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) moieties. This sugar modification regulates fundamental cellular processes in response to diverse nutritional and hormonal cues. The enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-linked ¦Â-N-acetylglucosaminase (O-GlcNAcase) mediate the addition and removal of O-GlcNAc, respectively. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation has been implicated in a plethora of human diseases, including diabetes, cancer, aging, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. Because metabolic dysregulation is a vital component of these diseases, unraveling the roles of O-GlcNAc in metabolism is of emerging importance. Here, we review the current understanding of the functions of O-GlcNAc in cell signaling and gene transcription involved in metabolism, and focus on its relevance to diabetes, cancer, circadian rhythm, and mitochondrial function.