Four new compounds (
1-
4) were isolated along with 16 known compounds from whole plants of
Peperomia duclouxii.The new structures were elucidated as 4-hydroxy-2-[(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)nonanoyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione (
1),4-hydroxy-2-[(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)undecanoyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione (
2), 4-hydroxy-2-[(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)tridecanoyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione (
3), and 2-[(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)dodecyl]-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-2
H-1-benzopyran-5-one (
4), by analysis of their spectroscopic data. The known polyketides, surinone A andoleiferinone, showed cell growth inhibitory activity against the WI-38, VA-13, and HepG2 cell lines with IC
50 valuesthat ranged from 4.4 to 9.6
g/mL. The known sesquiterpenoid, sinugibberodiol, showed a more potent effect on calceinaccumulation than verapamil at 2.5 and 25
g/mL. Compounds
3 and
4, surinone A, and oleiferinone showed moderateto weak inhibitory activity on the induction of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the presence of IL-1
or TNF-
.