A Systematic Evaluation of Protein Kinase A鈥揂-Kinase Anchoring Protein Interaction Motifs

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• 作者：Pepijn P. Burgers ; Marcel A. G. van der Heyden ; Bart Kok ; Albert J. R. Heck ; Arjen Scholten
• 刊名：Biochemistry
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：January 13, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：54
• 期：1
• 页码：11-21
• 全文大小：702K
• ISSN：1520-4995

文摘

Protein kinase A (PKA) in vertebrates is localized to specific locations in the cell via A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). The regulatory subunits of the four PKA isoforms (RI伪, RI尾, RII伪, and RII尾) each form a homodimer, and their dimerization domain interacts with a small helical region present in each of the more than 40 AKAPs reported so far. This allows for tight anchoring of PKA and efficient communication with other signaling proteins that interact with the AKAP scaffold in a spatial and temporal manner. The hydrophobic interaction surfaces of the PKA-R dimer and several AKAP helices have been investigated in great detail. Despite this knowledge, not every suggested AKAP has had its binding motif specified. Here we created an efficient bioinformatic tool, termed THAHIT, to accurately map the PKA binding motif and/or additional motifs of all previously reported AKAPs. Moreover, THAHIT predicts its specificity toward PKA-RI伪 and/or PKA-RII伪 binding. To verify the validity of these newly predicted anchoring sites and their putative specificities, we used computational modeling approaches (HADDOCK), biochemical affinity studies (fluorescence anisotropy), and cellular colocalization studies. We further demonstrate the potential of THAHIT to identify novel AKAPs in cAMP-based chemical proteomics discovery data sets, and the human proteome. We retrieved numerous novel AKAP candidates, including a never reported 330 kDa AKAP observed in heart tissue, which we further characterized biochemically as a PKA-RII伪 binder. Altogether, THAHIT provides a comprehensive overview of known and novel PKA鈥揂KAP interaction domains and their PKA-R specificities.