Merging Models and Biomonitoring Data to Characterize Sources and Pathways of Human Exposure to Organophosphorous Pesticides in the Salinas Valley of California

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• 作者：Thomas E. McKone ; Rosemary Castorina ; Martha E. Harnly ; Yu Kuwabara ; Brenda Eskenazi ; Asa Bradman
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：May 1, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：41
• 期：9
• 页码：3233 - 3240
• 全文大小：403K
• 年卷期：v.41,no.9(May 1, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

We characterize cumulative intakes of organophosphorus(OP) pesticides in an agricultural region of California bydrawing on human biomonitoring data, California pesticideuse reporting (PUR) data, and limited environmentalsamples together with outputs from the CalTOX multimedia,multipathway, source-to-dose model. The study populationis the CHAMACOS cohort of almost 600 pregnant Latinawomen in the Salinas Valley region. We use model estimatesof OP intake and urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metaboliteexcretion to develop premises about relative contributionsfrom different exposure sources and pathways. We evaluatethese premises by comparing the magnitude and variationof DAPs in the CHAMACOS cohort with those of thewhole U.S. population using data from the National Healthand Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Thiscomparison supports the premise that diet is the commonand dominant exposure pathway in both populations.Biomarker comparisons and model results support theobservation that, relative to NHANES, the CHAMACOSpopulation has a statistically significant (p < 0.001) addedintake of OP pesticides with low inter-individual variability.We attribute the magnitude and small variance of this intaketo residential nondietary exposures from local agriculturalOP uses. These results show that mass-balance modelscan estimate exposures for OP pesticides within the rangemeasured by biological monitoring.