Red Mud as a Catalyst for the Upgrading of Hemp-Seed Pyrolysis Bio-oil

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• 作者：Elham Karimi ; Cedric Briens ; Franco Berruti ; Sina Moloodi ; Tommy Tzanetakis ; Murray J. Thomson ; Marcel Schlaf
• 刊名：Energy & Fuels
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：December 16, 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：24
• 期：12
• 页码：6586-6600
• 全文大小：1229K
• 年卷期：v.24,no.12(December 16, 2010)
• ISSN：1520-5029

文摘

Hemp-seed pyrolysis bio-oil was upgraded in a batch laboratory-scale pressure reactor under 800 psi (cold) hydrogen gas at 350−365 °C using a non-alkaline, nontoxic Fe_xO_y/SiO₂/TiO₂ catalyst [reduced red mud (RRM)] obtained by the reduction of red mud with HOAc/HCCOH. The upgraded liquid obtained was separated into stable organic and aqueous phases. Comparative analyses between the crude oil and the organic and aqueous phases of upgraded products showed that the RRM-upgraded bio-oil is composed of fewer carbonyl-containing and polar oxygenated compounds but more saturated hydrocarbons. The upgraded oil phases are less viscous than the native oil and stable against resin formation for at least 60 days. The catalytic activity of RRM is related to its ability to catalyze both deoxygenation and cracking reactions that convert reactive components (aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids), which make the oil unstable over time, into less reactive deoxygenated products.